Oriental cockroaches (Blatta orientalis), commonly known as water bugs, are a significant pest problem in Pittsburgh. They are recognizable by their dark brown to black color and their distinctive shiny, leathery wings, although they are not strong fliers. Preferring damp, dark environments, Oriental cockroaches are often found in basements, crawl spaces, and under appliances. They are known for their ability to spread diseases and contaminate food and surfaces.

Why Are Oriental Cockroaches a Problem?

• Health Risks: Oriental cockroaches can carry pathogens that lead to allergies and respiratory issues. Their feces and shed skins can contribute to asthma attacks, especially in children and sensitive individuals.
• Hygiene Issues: These pests thrive in unsanitary conditions and can spread bacteria by contaminating food and surfaces.
• Structural Damage: While less damaging to structures compared to other cockroach species, their presence can still indicate moisture problems that could affect your property.

Physical Characteristics

• Size: Oriental cockroaches are relatively large compared to other cockroach species. Adult males typically measure between 1 to 1.25 inches (25-32 mm) in length, while females are slightly larger, reaching up to 1.5 inches (38 mm).
• Color: They are characterized by their dark brown to black coloration, giving them a glossy, almost oily appearance.
• Wings: Although both males and females have wings, they are not strong fliers. The wings of males are longer and extend past the abdomen, while females have shorter wings that cover only part of their abdomen.

Habits and Behavior

• Preferred Environment: Oriental cockroaches thrive in cool, damp environments. They are commonly found in basements, crawl spaces, drains, and areas with high humidity.
• Feeding Habits: These cockroaches are scavengers, feeding on a wide range of organic materials, including food scraps, decaying matter, and even their own feces. This makes them effective at spreading bacteria and contaminating food supplies.
• Reproduction: Oriental cockroaches reproduce quickly, with females producing egg cases (oothecae) that contain around 16 eggs each. The egg cases are carried by the female until they are ready to hatch, which can lead to rapid population growth if not managed effectively.

Signs of Infestation

• Presence of Roaches: Seeing live cockroaches, particularly in damp areas of your home, is a clear sign of an infestation.
• Droppings: Small, dark, cylindrical droppings found in areas where roaches are active.
• Egg Cases: Finding egg cases or empty egg cases can indicate a breeding population.
• Unpleasant Odor: A musty or oily smell may be present, especially in heavily infested areas.

Health Risks and Concerns

Oriental cockroaches are not just a nuisance; they pose several health risks:

• Disease Transmission: They can carry pathogens that lead to foodborne illnesses and contribute to allergies and asthma.
• Contamination: Their feces, saliva, and body parts can contaminate food and surfaces, increasing the risk of food poisoning.